1 thought on “Detailed explanation of casting safety technology”
Patricia
Detailed explanation of casting safety technology The casting, as a metal heat processing process, pour the melting metal pouring, ejaculation, or inhaled the casting cavity, and after its solidification, it can obtain a certain shape and performance casting. Casting operations are generally classified according to styling methods, and they are used to ordinary sand casting and special casting. Let ’s take a look with me together! The casting equipment is to use this technology to melt the metal into a liquid that meets certain requirements and pour it into the casting. All machinery and equipment that can be used in size and performance castings. The casting equipment mainly includes: (1) Sand treatment equipment, such as crowing wheel mixed sand mixed machines, inverted sand mixed machines, blade grooves, mixed sand, and multilateral sieves. (2) Various modeling machines and core machines used in the modeling core, such as high, medium and low -pressure modeling machines, sand throwing machines, box -free air pressure modeling machines, battles, cold and hot cores Box machine and so on. (3) Metal smelting equipment, such as the sky furnace, an arc furnace, induction furnace, resistor furnace, reflection furnace, etc. (4) The casting equipment, such as sand dropper, blasting machine, cleaning drum machine, etc. . The risk of cast operations and harmful factors The unsafe factors in the process of casting operations may lead to multiple hazards. It is necessary to take measures from management and technology Essence 1. Fire and explosion The red -heat castings, splashing iron, etc. Once it encounters flammable and explosive items, it is easy to cause fire and explosion accidents. 2 burning Moly careless when pouring, it may be burned by melting metal; when the furnace is melted, it may be burned by the splashing iron; . Mechanical damage During the casting operation, the non -normal selection and use of machinery, equipment, tools or workpieces, and human illegal operations can cause mechanical damage. If the model is pressed, the device is mobilized and injured during the equipment repair. 4 Heights Fall Due to the harsh working environment and poor lighting, coupled with the three -dimensional crossing of the workshop equipment, during maintenance, maintenance and use, it is easy to fall from the heights. 5 Dust poisoning hazards During the transportation and processing of sand, core sand transportation, processing, cases of boxing, sand drops and castings, a large amount of dust will produce in the operation area. Easy to cause occupational diseases. The flue gas generated by the sky furnace and electric furnace contains a large amount of carbon monoxide that is harmful to the human body. When baking sand or sand cores, there are also carbon dioxide gas excrete; Sulfur dioxide gas is generated, such as improper treatment, which will cause respiratory diseases. 6 noise vibration The shock modeling machines used in the casting workshop, the vibrator used when the casting is boxed, and in the casting cleaning process, use the wind tool to clear the burr, use the drum to clean the casting, etc. Both will produce a lot of noise and strong vibration. 7 high temperature and thermal radiation cast production will emit a lot of heat in the process of melting, casting, and sand falling. In the summer workshop, the temperature will reach 40 ° C or higher. Health or work is extremely unfavorable. . Safety measures for casting operations It because the work injury accidents in the cast workshop are far from other workshops, safety technical measures need to be taken from various aspects. (1) Process requirements L process layout The comprehensive consideration of the layout of process equipment and production processes should be comprehensively considered according to the level of production process, equipment characteristics, venue and factory conditions of the factory area, etc. Essence Small pollution shapes and core -making sections should be arranged on the lower air side of the minimum frequency wind direction of the non -warming season in concentrated heating areas. In non -concentrated heating areas, the lower air side should be located in the comprehensive minimum frequency wind direction. Lightweight materials or physical walls such as sand treatment and cleaning should be separated from other parts; the sand treatment and cleaning of the large cast workshop can be arranged in a separate plant. The processes such as shaped, sand, sand, polishing, cutting, welding, etc. should be fixed to work stations or venues in order to facilitate dust prevention measures. When arranging process equipment and workflow, necessary conditions should be provided for the reasonable layout of the dust removal system. 2. Processing equipment The shaped casting equipment (such as sand mixed machines, sand sieve machines, band transport aircraft, etc.) that generate dust pollution. Manufacturing plants should be equipped with a closed cover, and non -standard equipment should be accompanied by dustproof facilities when designing. Type sand preparation and sand treatment should be closed and mechanized. The `band transport aircraft that transports bulk -shaped dry materials should be closed. Mixed sand should not be used to use a large climbing rollover and an external quantitative device. It is advisable to use a closed sand mixed machine with a measuring device. The measuring, feeding and feeding of furnace preparation should be used for mechanized devices. 3 process methods Is when using new processes and new materials, new pollution should be prevented. It is not advisable to add fluorite to the sky furnace. The structure, fuel and combustion method of various heating furnaces should be improved to reduce the pollution of smoke. Recycling hot sand should be cooled and degraded. 4. Processing operation In the possible conditions of process, wet operations should be adopted. In cases with poor operation conditions such as sand, polishing, cutting, etc., it is advisable to use a robotic remote control. (1) Furnace preparation. The furnace preparation includes metal blocks (cast iron blocks, scrap iron, etc.), coke and various auxiliary materials. The most prone to accidents during the preparation process is the broken metal block. (2) melting device. The melting equipment for machine manufacturing factories is mainly the sky stove (iron) and arc furnace (steelmaking). The melting process of the flush furnace is: Add coke, raw iron, waste steel and limestone from the top of the furnace, rising high temperature furnace gas and decreased metal furnace, accompanied by the burnt of the bottom, make the metal furnace preheating, melt, iron water, and water water Excessive heat, under the action of furnace gas and slag and coke, the iron water component changes. Therefore, its safety technology is mainly considered from the installation, drumming, melting, slag out of iron, and furnace repair. (3) Pour operation. Pouring operations generally include three processes: baking, pouring and cooling. Check whether the pouring package meets the requirements before pouring. The lifting mechanism, the dumping mechanism, the self -locking mechanism and the racking frame are intact, flexible, and reliable; When pouring, all tools in contact with metal solution, such as slag sticks, fire tongs, etc., need to be preheated to prevent splashing from contact with cold tools. (4) Sand distribution operation. The unsafe factors of sand distribution operations include dust pollution; nails, iron pieces, casting flying edges and other debris tied; when the sand mixed machine is running, the operator reaches the sand -sample or try to shovel out of the sand. Drag into the sand mixed machine. (5) shape and core operation. The process of manufacturing sand is called shape, and the process of making sand cores is called core production. The commonly used modeling equipment in production include shocks, compact, and shock -pressure types. The commonly used core production equipment include squeeze machines and warriors. Many modeling machines and semaphores are used to compress the air as the source of power. In order to ensure safety, prevent accidents or cause personal injury, there should be corresponding safety devices in structure, airway system and operation, such as limits, such as limited positions Device, linking device, insurance device. (6) Cleaning the sand. After the casting is cooled to a certain temperature, it is removed from the sand and the process of removing the core sand and the core bone from the inner cavity of the casting. Sometimes in order to increase productivity, if the casting is taken out early, it is easy to cause scalded accidents because it has not fully solidified. (2) Building requirements The cast workshop should be arranged in the building complex of high -temperature workshops and power workshops, and the lower air side of the production building that does not release harmful substances in the factory area should be built. The factory building is mainly towards the north and south of Yi. The plane layout of the plant shall comprehensively consider the requirements of the building, structure and dustproof under the premise of meeting the output and process. There should be a certain green belt around the cast workshop. In addition to the design of local ventilation devices, the casting workshop should also be used in sunroof wind or setting roof ventilation. Wind -off windows should be set up in the melting, pouring area and sand drops, and cleaning areas. There are bridge -type lifting devices to span the side of the appropriate height position. (3) Dust Depression 1 furnace kiln (1) steelmaking electric arc furnace. Tobacco discharge should be used outside the furnace to smoke, the inner furnaces, and the internal and external smoke discharge in the furnace. The design parameters of the ventilation dust removal system should be considered according to the largest amount of flue gas in the smelting oxidation period. The flue gas purification equipment of the arc furnace should be dry and highly efficient dust collectors. (2) Chongtian furnace. The smoke and purification of the sky furnace should be used for mechanical smoke purification equipment, including high -efficiency cyclone dust collectors, particle layer dust collectors, and electric dust removal. 2 Broken and grinding equipment The upper part of the jaw crusher, directly give the material. When the gap is less than 1m, you can only make a closed cover without exhausting the wind. Regardless of whether the upper part has no exhaust, when the current tribal difference is greater than or equal to LM, the lower part should be set up. The rotating drum of the ball mill should be located in a full -closed cover. ;
Detailed explanation of casting safety technology
The casting, as a metal heat processing process, pour the melting metal pouring, ejaculation, or inhaled the casting cavity, and after its solidification, it can obtain a certain shape and performance casting. Casting operations are generally classified according to styling methods, and they are used to ordinary sand casting and special casting. Let ’s take a look with me together!
The casting equipment is to use this technology to melt the metal into a liquid that meets certain requirements and pour it into the casting. All machinery and equipment that can be used in size and performance castings. The casting equipment mainly includes:
(1) Sand treatment equipment, such as crowing wheel mixed sand mixed machines, inverted sand mixed machines, blade grooves, mixed sand, and multilateral sieves.
(2) Various modeling machines and core machines used in the modeling core, such as high, medium and low -pressure modeling machines, sand throwing machines, box -free air pressure modeling machines, battles, cold and hot cores Box machine and so on.
(3) Metal smelting equipment, such as the sky furnace, an arc furnace, induction furnace, resistor furnace, reflection furnace, etc.
(4) The casting equipment, such as sand dropper, blasting machine, cleaning drum machine, etc.
. The risk of cast operations and harmful factors
The unsafe factors in the process of casting operations may lead to multiple hazards. It is necessary to take measures from management and technology Essence
1. Fire and explosion
The red -heat castings, splashing iron, etc. Once it encounters flammable and explosive items, it is easy to cause fire and explosion accidents.
2 burning
Moly careless when pouring, it may be burned by melting metal; when the furnace is melted, it may be burned by the splashing iron;
. Mechanical damage
During the casting operation, the non -normal selection and use of machinery, equipment, tools or workpieces, and human illegal operations can cause mechanical damage. If the model is pressed, the device is mobilized and injured during the equipment repair.
4 Heights Fall
Due to the harsh working environment and poor lighting, coupled with the three -dimensional crossing of the workshop equipment, during maintenance, maintenance and use, it is easy to fall from the heights.
5 Dust poisoning hazards
During the transportation and processing of sand, core sand transportation, processing, cases of boxing, sand drops and castings, a large amount of dust will produce in the operation area. Easy to cause occupational diseases. The flue gas generated by the sky furnace and electric furnace contains a large amount of carbon monoxide that is harmful to the human body. When baking sand or sand cores, there are also carbon dioxide gas excrete; Sulfur dioxide gas is generated, such as improper treatment, which will cause respiratory diseases.
6 noise vibration
The shock modeling machines used in the casting workshop, the vibrator used when the casting is boxed, and in the casting cleaning process, use the wind tool to clear the burr, use the drum to clean the casting, etc. Both will produce a lot of noise and strong vibration.
7 high temperature and thermal radiation
cast production will emit a lot of heat in the process of melting, casting, and sand falling. In the summer workshop, the temperature will reach 40 ° C or higher. Health or work is extremely unfavorable.
. Safety measures for casting operations
It because the work injury accidents in the cast workshop are far from other workshops, safety technical measures need to be taken from various aspects.
(1) Process requirements
L process layout
The comprehensive consideration of the layout of process equipment and production processes should be comprehensively considered according to the level of production process, equipment characteristics, venue and factory conditions of the factory area, etc. Essence Small pollution shapes and core -making sections should be arranged on the lower air side of the minimum frequency wind direction of the non -warming season in concentrated heating areas. In non -concentrated heating areas, the lower air side should be located in the comprehensive minimum frequency wind direction. Lightweight materials or physical walls such as sand treatment and cleaning should be separated from other parts; the sand treatment and cleaning of the large cast workshop can be arranged in a separate plant. The processes such as shaped, sand, sand, polishing, cutting, welding, etc. should be fixed to work stations or venues in order to facilitate dust prevention measures. When arranging process equipment and workflow, necessary conditions should be provided for the reasonable layout of the dust removal system.
2. Processing equipment
The shaped casting equipment (such as sand mixed machines, sand sieve machines, band transport aircraft, etc.) that generate dust pollution. Manufacturing plants should be equipped with a closed cover, and non -standard equipment should be accompanied by dustproof facilities when designing. Type sand preparation and sand treatment should be closed and mechanized. The `band transport aircraft that transports bulk -shaped dry materials should be closed. Mixed sand should not be used to use a large climbing rollover and an external quantitative device. It is advisable to use a closed sand mixed machine with a measuring device. The measuring, feeding and feeding of furnace preparation should be used for mechanized devices.
3 process methods
Is when using new processes and new materials, new pollution should be prevented. It is not advisable to add fluorite to the sky furnace. The structure, fuel and combustion method of various heating furnaces should be improved to reduce the pollution of smoke. Recycling hot sand should be cooled and degraded.
4. Processing operation
In the possible conditions of process, wet operations should be adopted. In cases with poor operation conditions such as sand, polishing, cutting, etc., it is advisable to use a robotic remote control.
(1) Furnace preparation. The furnace preparation includes metal blocks (cast iron blocks, scrap iron, etc.), coke and various auxiliary materials. The most prone to accidents during the preparation process is the broken metal block.
(2) melting device. The melting equipment for machine manufacturing factories is mainly the sky stove (iron) and arc furnace (steelmaking).
The melting process of the flush furnace is: Add coke, raw iron, waste steel and limestone from the top of the furnace, rising high temperature furnace gas and decreased metal furnace, accompanied by the burnt of the bottom, make the metal furnace preheating, melt, iron water, and water water Excessive heat, under the action of furnace gas and slag and coke, the iron water component changes. Therefore, its safety technology is mainly considered from the installation, drumming, melting, slag out of iron, and furnace repair.
(3) Pour operation. Pouring operations generally include three processes: baking, pouring and cooling. Check whether the pouring package meets the requirements before pouring. The lifting mechanism, the dumping mechanism, the self -locking mechanism and the racking frame are intact, flexible, and reliable; When pouring, all tools in contact with metal solution, such as slag sticks, fire tongs, etc., need to be preheated to prevent splashing from contact with cold tools.
(4) Sand distribution operation. The unsafe factors of sand distribution operations include dust pollution; nails, iron pieces, casting flying edges and other debris tied; when the sand mixed machine is running, the operator reaches the sand -sample or try to shovel out of the sand. Drag into the sand mixed machine.
(5) shape and core operation. The process of manufacturing sand is called shape, and the process of making sand cores is called core production. The commonly used modeling equipment in production include shocks, compact, and shock -pressure types. The commonly used core production equipment include squeeze machines and warriors. Many modeling machines and semaphores are used to compress the air as the source of power. In order to ensure safety, prevent accidents or cause personal injury, there should be corresponding safety devices in structure, airway system and operation, such as limits, such as limited positions Device, linking device, insurance device.
(6) Cleaning the sand. After the casting is cooled to a certain temperature, it is removed from the sand and the process of removing the core sand and the core bone from the inner cavity of the casting. Sometimes in order to increase productivity, if the casting is taken out early, it is easy to cause scalded accidents because it has not fully solidified.
(2) Building requirements
The cast workshop should be arranged in the building complex of high -temperature workshops and power workshops, and the lower air side of the production building that does not release harmful substances in the factory area should be built.
The factory building is mainly towards the north and south of Yi. The plane layout of the plant shall comprehensively consider the requirements of the building, structure and dustproof under the premise of meeting the output and process. There should be a certain green belt around the cast workshop.
In addition to the design of local ventilation devices, the casting workshop should also be used in sunroof wind or setting roof ventilation. Wind -off windows should be set up in the melting, pouring area and sand drops, and cleaning areas. There are bridge -type lifting devices to span the side of the appropriate height position.
(3) Dust Depression
1 furnace kiln
(1) steelmaking electric arc furnace. Tobacco discharge should be used outside the furnace to smoke, the inner furnaces, and the internal and external smoke discharge in the furnace. The design parameters of the ventilation dust removal system should be considered according to the largest amount of flue gas in the smelting oxidation period. The flue gas purification equipment of the arc furnace should be dry and highly efficient dust collectors.
(2) Chongtian furnace. The smoke and purification of the sky furnace should be used for mechanical smoke purification equipment, including high -efficiency cyclone dust collectors, particle layer dust collectors, and electric dust removal.
2 Broken and grinding equipment
The upper part of the jaw crusher, directly give the material. When the gap is less than 1m, you can only make a closed cover without exhausting the wind. Regardless of whether the upper part has no exhaust, when the current tribal difference is greater than or equal to LM, the lower part should be set up. The rotating drum of the ball mill should be located in a full -closed cover.
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